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原文译文
Unlucky numbers
不祥的数字
Gambling addiction in Finland
芬兰的赌博成瘾
A growing problem
一个日益严重的问题
1. FOR DECADES, Finns had their Saturday ritual. They would have a sauna, then watch the lottery draws on TV. They would never feel bad about losing, because they knew that the gaming proceeds would be channeled to good causes. Things have changed a bit, but gambling, like voting, is still widely considered a civic duty.
几十年来，芬兰人都有他们的周六仪式。他们会洗桑拿，然后看电视上的彩票抽奖。他们永远不会因为没被抽中而难过，因为他们知道，比赛的收益将被用于公益事业。如今，现实已经发生改变，但是赌博和投票一样，仍然被广泛认为是公民的义务。
2. Nowadays, around a third of adults gamble every week. A survey in 2016 found that 83% had gambled at least once in the past year. The lottery was legalized as long ago as the 1920s to discourage Finns from playing Swedish lotteries, and from sending money to their former rulers. After the second world war, football pools were seen as a way to foster a sense of unity.
如今，大约三分之一的成年人每周赌博。2016年的一项调查发现，83%的人在过去一年里至少赌过一次。早在20世纪20年代，彩票就被合法化了，目的是阻止芬兰人玩瑞典的彩票，并阻止他们把钱给他们的前统治者（苏联）。二战后，足球赌注被视为一种培养团结意识的方式。
3. Veikkaus, the state agency that holds the exclusive right to operate all gambling in Finland, is well thought of. In 2017 its earnings of over €1bn ($1.1bn) were redistributed, half of them to sports, physical education, science, arts and youth works, and most of the rest to health and social welfare.
经过深思熟虑才成立的Veikkaus，是一家国有机构，拥有经营芬兰所有赌博业务的独家权利。2017年，该公司逾10亿欧元(合11亿美元)的收入被重新分配，其中一半用于体育、体育、科学、艺术和青年工作，其余大部分用于健康和社会福利。
4. Every path has its puddle, however. In the case of Finland, it is a dangerous addiction to gambling, in two senses. The Finnish state has come to rely on gambling money. The former centre-right government, formed in 2015, slashed the budgets of social and health-care services, in the expectation that Veikkaus would help make up the difference through backing good causes. Gambling revenues rose by over 30% between 2006 and 2016. At the same time, 3.3% of the adult population is reckoned to have a gambling problem, compared with under 1% in neighbouring Norway. Half of the state’s gambling revenue comes from a mere 5% of the players.
然而，每条路都有其不足之处。就芬兰而言，赌博成瘾的危险主要体现在两个方面。芬兰政府已经开始依赖赌博收入。2015年成立的前中右翼政府削减了社会和医疗服务的预算，希望通过Veikkaus支持公益事业来弥补差额。从2006年到2016年，博彩业收入增长了超过30%。与此同时，3.3%的成年人被认为有赌博成瘾问题，而邻国挪威只有不到1%。芬兰一半的赌博收入来自于仅仅5%的玩家。
5. Norway has taken action to curb the number of its problem gamblers by introducing mandatory identification for all games. This helps exclude minors from gambling. To date, Finland has done very little. That may now be about to change. Following a public outcry over a controversial radio ad perceived to encourage gambling, Veikkaus said in August that it would establish an ethics board. The prime minister has hinted at reform, and an online petition asking for the removal of some of the country’s 20,000 slot machines from stores and restaurants, among other places, has garnered over 30,000 signatures. Finns may end up spending a bit more time in the sauna.
挪威已采取行动，通过对所有比赛实施强制标识，来控制问题赌徒的数量。这有助于将未成年人排除在赌博之外。到目前为止，芬兰几乎没有采取任何措施遏制赌博。现在这种情况可能即将改变。在公众对一个被认为鼓励赌博的有争议的广告表示强烈抗议之后，Veikkaus在8月份表示，它将建立一个道德委员会。总理已经暗示要进行改革。芬兰有20,000台老虎机，网上的一份要求从商店和餐馆等地方移走部分老虎机的请愿书已经收集了超过30,000个签名。芬兰人可能会花更多的时间在桑拿房里。
精读解析
篇章结构
P1—P2：芬兰赌博成瘾现状：大多数人都会参与赌博。
P3：芬兰发展赌博业务历史及其赌博收入分配。
P4：芬兰发展赌博业的弊端：国家对赌博业务的依赖过大；赌博成瘾问题严重。
P5：芬兰或采取行动解决其赌博成瘾问题。
重点单词
sauna / s??n?/ n. 桑拿浴v. 洗桑拿浴
【例句】
I had a sauna this morning,so now I feel really relaxed.
我今天早晨去洗了个桑拿浴,现在觉得很舒坦。
lottery / l?t(?)r?/ n. 抽彩给奖法；碰运气的事, 难于算计的事
【短语】
draw a lottery
开奖
welfare lottery
福利彩票
channel to转到
【例句】
channels her curiosity to research. 将她的好奇心引导到研究上去
legalize/?li:g??la?z/ vt. 使合法化,使得到法律认可n. 合法化,法律上认可
【例句】
This is what happens when you legalize drugs.
这就是让毒品合法化的情况。
discourage/d?s k?r?d?/ vt. 使气馁; 使沮丧；阻碍; 劝阻
【短语】
discourage from阻止
【例句】
He became discouraged, and gradually grew dissipated.
他变得心灰意冷，开始慢慢地自暴自弃。
foster a sense of unity培养团结意识
exclusive/?k sklu?s?v/ adj. 高级的, 奢华的；专用的; 独家的n. 独家新闻, 独家报道
【短语】
exclusive right专有权；专利权
exclusive sales
包销；独家销售
exclusive of不算, 不包括, 把…排除在外
mutually exclusive
互相排斥的
mutually exclusive events
互斥事件；不相容事件；不相交事件
【例句】
This sample room is exclusively for women.
这试衣室仅供妇女使用。
redistribute/?ri?d? str?bju?t/ vt. 重新分配n. 重新分配
【例句】
They re redistributing funds, they re making cuts in all departments.他们要重新分配资金 他们在对所有的部门削减费用。
puddle / p?d(?)l/ n. 水坑; (尤指道路上的)雨水坑【例句】There was a puddle to be negotiated.有一个水坑要越过去。
slash/sl??/ vt. & vi. 挥砍; 鞭打; 割破；削减【短语】slash prices杀价；降价【例句】We slashed through the dense jungle.我们从茂密的丛林里劈出了一条路。
in the expectation that希望…；想要…【例句】Yellen says the economy’s progress is in line with the expectations that the labor market and inflation will keep improving.耶伦称美国经济在预期之内，就业市场，通货膨胀出现好转。
mandatory/ m?nd?t(?)r?/ adj. 命令的;强制的;义务的【例句】wearing helmets was made mandatory for pedal cyclists.戴头盔已成为对骑脚踏车者的法律规定。
identification /a?,dent?f? ke??(?)n/ n. 鉴定, 验明, 认出；身份证明【例句】He made a positive identification of a glossy ibis.他明确地识别出了彩鹮。
exclude/?k sklu?d/ vt. 排除；排斥；拒绝接纳；逐出【例句】Women are often excluded from authority positions.女性通常被排除在权威职位之外。
to date至今；迄今为止【例句】Up to date (or: To date) we have no news of him.  到现在为止我们还不知道他的消息。
outcry / a?tkra?/ n. 高声叫喊, 尖叫;公开反对【例句】A horrific video from that night sparked public outcry.当晚拍摄的一段可怕的视频引发了公众的愤怒。
controversial/k?ntr? v???(?)l/ adj. 有争议的, 引起争议的【例句】People don t want all that controversial stuff.人们不喜欢有争议的东西。
hint at暗示；对别人暗示…【例句】Turkey has hinted at compensating the Palestinians in the West Bank if America s Congress withholds funds.土耳其暗示，如果美国国会撤回援助资金，土耳其会补偿约旦河西岸的巴勒斯坦人。
garner over获得【例句】Their intellectual integrity shows in the number of Nobel and other major prizes awarded which they have garnered over the years.他们丰富的学识表现在多年来所获得的诺贝尔奖和其它大奖的数量上。
重点句子
The former centre-right government, formed in 2015, slashed the budgets of social and health-care services, in the expectation that Veikkaus would help make up the difference through backing good causes.
这个句子，主干是：The former centre-right government slashed the budgets of social and health-care services. 中间的formed in 2015是插入语，补充说明The former centre-right government的信息，最后的in the expectation that Veikkaus would help make up the difference through backing good causes.是一个补语成分，说明政府削减社会福利和健康预算的原因。
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